श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता भगवान श्रीकृष्ण के श्रीमुख से निसृत वह ज्ञानामृत है जो सम्पूर्ण विश्व मानवों को आत्मकल्याण करने और उन्हें सुख-शान्ति से जीवन जीने का मार्ग बताकर आनन्द प्रदान करता है। गीता के बारे में स्वयं भगवान श्रीकृष्ण ने कहा है, ‘‘गीता मेरा उत्तम सार है, गीता मेरा अतीव उग्र ज्ञान है, गीता मेरा अविनाशी ज्ञान है, गीता मेरा निवास स्थान है, गीता मेरा परम रहस्य है।’’
गीता और गंगा दोनों को ही पवित्र और उद्धारक माना जाता है, लेकिन इन दोनों में बहुत अन्तर है। गंगा भगवान विष्णु के श्री चरण के नख से निकली है और इस पृथ्वी के प्राणियों का उद्धार करती है। जबकि गीता भगवान के श्रीमुख से निसृत हुई है। यह ज्ञान-गंगा मानवों का आत्मोद्धार करके उन्हें जीवन्मुक्ति प्रदान करती है। एक साधारण मनुष्य की सोच यह रहती है कि वह दान, जप, व्रत, शुभ कर्म, तीर्थ यात्रा, गंगास्नान आदि करके मृत्यु के उपरान्त मोक्ष प्राप्त कर लेगा किन्तु गीता मनुष्य को सांसारिक जीवन जीते हुए और अपनी सारी जिम्मेदारियां निभाते हुए जीवन्मुक्ति का आनन्द प्रदान करती है।
गीता के महत्व को अच्छी तरह समझने से पूर्व गीता से परिचित होना जरूरी है। महाभारत-युद्ध के प्रथम दिन भगवान श्रीकृष्ण द्वारा अपने सखा अर्जुन (कुन्ती बुआ के पुत्र) के विषाद, मोह, संशय आदि को दूर करने के लिए गीता ज्ञान का उपदेश दिया गया। इसीलिए गीता और महाभारत का समय एक ही है।
विद्वानों के अनुसार महाभारत का युद्ध लगभग 5110 वर्ष पूर्व हुआ था। गीता वास्तव में महाभारत का अंश है। यह महाभारत के भीष्म पर्व के 25वें अध्याय से आरम्भ होती है। यहां गीता के श्लोकों की संख्या 745 बताई गई है। किन्तु वर्तमान में उपलब्ध गीता में 700 श्लोक है। इनमें भगवान श्रीकृष्ण के 574 श्लोक, अर्जुन के 84 श्लोक, संजय के 41 श्लोक तथा धृतराष्ट्र का एक श्लोक है। गीता मार्गशीर्ष शुक्ल एकादशी के दिन कही गयी इसीलिए इसी दिन गीता जयन्ती मनाई जाती है।
संत श्री ज्ञानेश्वर ने गीता के महत्व को इन शब्दों में व्यक्त किया है –‘‘गीता सब सुखों की नींव है। सिद्धांत-रत्नों का भंडार अथवा नवरस रूपी अमृत से भरा हुआ परमधाम और सब विधाओं की मूलभूमि है।’’
गीता का महत्त्व वही समझ सकता है जिसे भगवान श्रीकृष्ण के वचनों पर पूर्ण श्रद्धा हो, जिसने उन वचनों को आचरण में लाने का संकल्प लिया है। श्री शंकराचार्य ने गीता के संबंध में लिखा है –
‘‘परम ब्रह्म को अभिव्यक्त करने वाला, गीता असाधारण प्रयोजन संबंध और विषय वाला शास्त्र है। गीता का अर्थ जान लेने पर समस्त पुरुषार्थों की सिद्धि हो जाती है। (बालगीता पृष्ठ 94)
शब्दों के द्वारा गीता के महत्व को न तो समझाया जा सकता है और न ही समझ पाना संभव है। यह तो अनुभूति का विषय है। अंतःकरण के चिंतन-मनन के माध्यम से गीता का साक्षात्कार किया जा सकता है। श्री जयदयाल जी गोयनका ने गीता के महत्व और उसकी महिमा पर अपनी असीम श्रद्धा व्यक्त की है। ‘‘श्रीमदभगवद् गीता एक परम रहस्यमय अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण सार्वभौम ग्रंथ है। यह साक्षात् भगवान की दिव्य वाणी है, उनके हृदय का उद्गार है। इसका महत्व बतलाने की शक्ति वाणी में नहीं है। इसकी महिमा अपरिमित है, यथार्थ में इसका वर्णन कोई नहीं कर सकता।’’ (बालगीता पृष्ठ 49)
गीता के महत्व को समझना तभी सार्थक होगा जब हम गीता को जीवन में उतारकर अपने मन और बुद्धि को भगवान को अर्पित करते हुए निष्काम कर्म करेंगे ऐसा करके। हम स्वयं तो जीवन का सच्चा आनंद प्राप्त करेंगे ही साथ ही दूसरों को भी इस आनंद में सहभागी बनाएंगे।
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